Where national defense and national security have been separated as the result of Law No. 34 of 2004, the Indonesia Armed Forces (TNI) has the least role in the country’s counter-terrorism strategy. Following the enactment of new regulation, TNI has adopted a new counter-terrorism form through its Military Operation Other Than War (MOOTW). The methods pursued by the TNI as well as the social capital that is deeply rooted in Indonesian society have resulted in an institution unlike those found in Western nations. The TNI remains involved in the fight against terrorism despite the new regulations that explicitly give it a limited role. This is demonstrated through a series of TNI actions cracking down on terrorism in Indonesia. Interviews and observations were used as primary data, and secondary data, including meeting notes and details about troop deployment in counter-terrorism efforts, was obtained from related documents. Through its analysis of the role of TNI in counter - terrorism, this study about MOOTW can be helpful to every country.