In order to provide more accurate guidance on major selection to students in higher vocational institutions, professional courses in higher vocational institutions are first classified according to the depth and chronological order of the courses, and the index transformation is carried out on the index data of the classified professional courses. Solve the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the relevant indexes, and select the principal components to determine the weights, use factor analysis to explain the problem of professional courses in institutions affecting the slow employment of young people, and put forward suggestions for optimization of professional settings in combination with the analysis results. The results show that the method of this paper is important for improving the employment competitiveness of students as well as meeting the demand of the employment market by completing the employment problem of fresh graduates in the shortest time from 31 days to 45 days.