This research paper examines the socio-economic status of bamboo-producing farmers in Maharashtra, focusing on the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of bamboo cultivation. Based on primary data collected from 120 farmers across six regions Konkan, Nashik, Aurangabad, Amravati, Nagpur, and Pune—the study analyzes demographic profiles, cultivation practices, income levels, employment patterns, and farmers’ perceptions of bamboo’s benefits. The findings reveal that bamboo cultivation significantly enhances rural livelihoods by providing stable income, generating employment, and improving living standards. Nearly 80% of farmers reported substantial income growth, while 95% recognized bamboo’s contribution to environmental conservation, soil fertility, and sustainable land use. However, challenges persist in areas such as market access, processing infrastructure, and policy support. The study concludes that bamboo cultivation holds immense potential for promoting sustainable rural development and environmental resilience in Maharashtra, provided that institutional support, training, and market linkages are strengthened.