This article examines the legal status of children during the Algerian Revolution from a contemporary legal perspective. It explores the dual role of children as both active participants and victims of war, highlighting their involvement in military and civilian capacities. The study assesses the extent to which international humanitarian law and human rights law provided legal protection to Algerian children under colonial rule, addressing issues such as forced displacement, recruitment, and war crimes. Additionally, it evaluates the legal implications of violations committed against children and their recognition as protected persons under international law. The article further discusses how these violations constitute breaches of fundamental legal principles, reinforcing the necessity of historical legal accountability. Ultimately, this study contributes to the broader discourse on war crimes and the enduring impact of conflict on children’s rights.