Barley Yellow Dwarf (BYD) is an important disease of crop plants that is detrimental to small grains including wheat. Management practices and the application of insecticides can control BYD; however, breeding for resistant cultivars is the most effective and environmentally sound alternative to conventional methods to prevent yield losses. The SSR marker Xgwm37 is a reliable marker that greatly assists in selecting BYDV-resistant wheat genotypes. Significant variation in the number of lines showed high susceptibility to BYDV between the years (24 in Year 2020 vs. 62 in Year 2021). PCR with specific primers of the marker Xgwm37 resulted in amplification of products of 175 bp for the null, 198 bp for bdv3 and 290 bp for bdv2 genes. Molecular marker assisted amplification indicated that the wheat lines with null allele was noted in maximum frequency (f = 0.543) followed by bdv3 allele (f = 0.470). The number of wheat lines containing the bdv2 allele was 89 (f = 0.297). Similarly, a total of 84 wheat lines (28%) were heterozygous containing different allelic combinations. The visual scoring indicated BYD associated symptoms ranged between 10-65% in the lines containing null allele (Mean = 40.0%), whereas minimum infection was noted in lines carrying the Bdv2 allele (Range = 0-40%; Mean = 22.5%). Similarly, lower BYDV susceptibility was noted in lines containing both Bdv2/Bdv3 alleles, confirming the polygenic nature of resistance. In conclusion, it was observed that predicting years with high disease pressure is difficult; incorporating years with consistent BYD disease data in the selection could increase prediction ability for BYDV resistance and using Bdv2 as a covariate had increased prediction performance.