This qualitative study explores the crucial role of family-based care, particularly foster care leading to adoption, in Malaysia’s child protection system within the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It assesses the benefits and implications of family-based care for children without families, emphasising their overall well-being and long-term development. The study examines legal frameworks governing foster care and adoption, highlighting the need for robust safeguards and effective implementation. It identifies intersections between family-based care and the SDGs, emphasising its role in achieving Goal 1 (No poverty), Goal 3 (Good health and well-being), Goal 4 (Quality education), Goal 16 (Peace, justice, and strong institutions), and Goal 17 (Partnerships for the goals). Findings underscore the significant advantages of family-based care, contributing to a sustainable future where every child can thrive.