This research work analyzes a topic that, despite being little developed, has been gaining importance in nations known as plurinational, the respect and recognition of indigenous rights, in addition to their beliefs and ancestral knowledge. Several texts have been analyzed based on historical-bibliographic research to make known the arduous road that the indigenous people have traveled until reaching its summit with the recognition of their rights even in international instances. In this way, the issue of indigenous rights has been brought to the forefront of civil society and international instruments such as the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, thus converting the States as entities of diversity before a millenary ancestral philosophical conception that is worthy of being recognized.