This study proposed an instructional program based on science fiction to improve students’ visual memory skills in the elementary stage. The study also identified the extent to which there are differences between the average grades of female students in the experimental group and the control group on the post-test of visual memory skills. The study used the descriptive method and the quasi-experimental method. The study sample consisted of 80 fifth-grade students with learning disabilities from different schools in Irbid City, who were split into two equal groups, one experimental and another a control. The findings of the study showed that the program based on science fiction achieves effectiveness in developing concepts and visual thinking skills, which are: (recognizing and describing visual shapes, interpreting and perceiving ambiguity, extracting visual meanings, analyzing visual shapes, and visual distinction among fifth-grade students. The results confirm that adopting the proposed program using different strategies based on science fiction helped the students acquire scientific concepts related to the unity of light and optics