Predictors of Depression among Minority Adolescents in Karachi, Pakistan

Abstract

This study explored discrimination distress and collective self-esteem as a predictors of depression in Karachi's minority adolescents. In a cross-sectional study with 147 students aged 11 to 19 from minority groups , self-reported and standardized questionnaires in Urdu (the national language of Pakistan) included The Adolescent Discrimination Distress Index (Fisher et al., 2000), Collective Self-Esteem Scale (Luhtanen & Crocker, 1992), and Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale, 2nd Ed (Reynolds, 2002). Data was collected through purposive sampling techniques in different areas of Karachi including schools and colleges in Saddar, ranchor line, gulshan-e-Iqbal.  Results analysis showed discrimination distress (R2= .232, F (1, 145) = 43.839, p<.001) and collective self-esteem (R2= .340, F (1, 145) = 74.795, p<.001) as significant predictors of depression in minority adolescents.. Findings were discussed in the context of Pakistan's culture, suggesting new avenues for research. The conclusion emphasizes the need for a deeper understanding of depression in religious minority adolescents, with recommendations for further research. Hence on the basis of above finding intervention based strategies including community based program, initiating support system would be necessary for the most sensitive population to deal their depression and to enhance their coping and resilience.