Hedgewar And The Rise Of Hindu Nationalism

Abstract

India has given rise to many intellectuals, ardent social reformers, and those in positions of authority who have exerted great effort and made significant sacrifices for the betterment and honour of our nation. And in this regard, Hedgewar undoubtedly was the prominent and influential figure in freedom struggle. Nevertheless, the distinguishing factor of his work is in his creation of an organisation that operates with a unique and inventive approach. He strongly advocated that those who want to contribute to society and their country should allocate one hour of their daily routine to the Sangh. The Swayamsevaks who attend the Shakha engage in efforts to systematically arrange and unify society. As a result, the RSS has created a custom of regular individuals leading remarkable lives in service to the country. Several social reformers were actively striving to eliminate caste inequities and untouchability by challenging the caste system. Hedgewar adopted a novel approach of disregarding castes and instead emphasising the unifying principle of Hindutva (Hinduness). The instruction "Ekshah Sampat" (Fall in One Line) represents Hedgewar's deep ideology, which not only promoted unity in action but also encouraged communal dining, a new concept in that era. The whole functioning of RSS is aligned with this line of thought. He encouraged Swayamsevaks to align themselves with the broader concept of Hindutva, rather than focussing just on their caste identity. The efficacy of this methodology used by Hedgewar is evident in the fact that even in contemporary times, individuals are not enquired about their caste or social status, therefore gradually diminishing the caste-based differences among the members of the Sangh Swayamsevaks. This research paper explores the legacy of Hedgewar and his contribution to strengthen the Indian freedom movement. The article also discusses the role of Hedgewar in the subsequent rise of Hindu nationalism during the period by using historical, exploratory and analytical methodology.