The War Narrative: A Comparative Critical Discourse Analysis of US and UK Print Media Framed the Taliban Takeover of Afghanistan in August 2021

Abstract

The objective of this research was to examine the way in which the US and UK print media portrayed the Taliban's seizure of Afghanistan in August 2021. The study used Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) as a theoretical framework to examine the language choices and framing tactics employed in newspaper headlines. The purpose was to get insight into the narratives formed about the incident. The study technique included a qualitative content analysis of headlines extracted from prominent US and UK newspapers (The Washington Post, The New York Times, The Times, and The Guardian) throughout a defined period (August 2021). The data gathering process included the careful selection of a representative sample of ten headlines from each of these four leading newspapers (The Washington Post, The New York Times, The Times, and The Guardian) in both the United States and the United Kingdom. We then examined the headlines using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) concepts to identify reoccurring themes and framing approaches. The study revealed a cohesive narrative that portrayed the Taliban as a formidable force achieving swift victories, while portraying the Afghan government as weak and in disarray. Findings showed that the US and UK took a reactive stance, giving priority to withdrawal and perhaps downplaying the repercussions of their actions. The media emphasized concerns about human rights infringements, including targeting women and minority groups, under the Taliban's governance. In addition, there were fears about the possibility of the security situation worsening and a humanitarian disaster approaching. At last, the media saw the possibility of reassessing the worldwide storyline of the War on Terror. This study uncovers the construction of power relations and the portrayal of social reality during pivotal periods. This research enhances the comprehension of media framing within the context of global crises. The results emphasize the need for thoroughly analyzing media narratives in order to properly comprehend the intricacies of world events and ensure that influential individuals are held responsible.