Between Despair And Doctrine: Examining The Escalation Of Suicide Trends Through The Lens Of Islamic Teachings

Abstract

Suicide is a critical public health crisis, claiming over 700,000 lives annually, with a significant majority occurring in low- and middle-income countries, accounting for 77% of global suicides. It notably ranks as the fourth leading cause of death among individuals aged 15–29.[i] The prevalent methods include ingestion of pesticides, hanging, and the use of firearms. Suicide arises from a complex interplay of various factors. Economic conditions, particularly poverty, create a backdrop of despair and hopelessness that significantly heightens suicide risks. Mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, and substance abuse also play critical roles in increasing susceptibility to suicidal thoughts and behaviors.

In addition to these factors, previous suicide attempts and exposure to violence, including bullying, child abuse, and sexual violence, are significant predictors of suicide. However, strong family ties, community support, and accessible mental health care are vital protective factors that can reduce the incidence of suicide.

From the perspective of Islamic teachings, suicide is stringently prohibited, reflecting the religion's profound reverence for life. The Quran explicitly forbids self-harm, emphasizing Allah's mercy and the sanctity of human life. This research article delves into how economic hardships, mental health challenges, and Islamic doctrines on the sanctity of life intersect with the global patterns of suicide. By integrating modern psychological understanding with religious insights, this study proposes a multifaceted approach to suicide prevention that respects cultural and religious contexts. This approach underscores the importance of addressing economic and mental health issues as part of a comprehensive strategy to reduce the burden of suicide globally, illuminating the potential for religious teachings to inform and enhance public health initiatives.