Attaining a Substantial Dose Gradient in a Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy (3d-crt) Plan for a Prostate Cancerous Tumour

Abstract

Background: Clinically, better radiotherapy could be achieved by assigning a prescription dose to the tumour volume and a set of dose constraints on critical structures. Once an optimal treatment plan has been achieved, dosimetry is assessed using the physical dose and volume parameters. Aim of the study: The study's goal was to find better ways to treat prostate cancer patients using three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy treatment (3D-CRT) planning systems. These systems were used during the three stages of radiotherapy treatment fractions 0 degrees and 90 degrees of collimator angle. Materials and Methods: 155 patients with prostate cancer were treated with energy (6 MV or 10 MV) They were treated using the 3DCRT technique by the Monaco 5.11 treatment planning system and irradiated using a Synergy linear accelerator manufactured by Elekta. The plan was repeated 12 times with different numbers of beams used: 5, 7, and 9. They were irradiated with two collimator angles of 0 and 90 degrees. The planning target volumes were measured at the original volume of the tumour and at distances of 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm to obtain the gradient index values. Results: The 10 MV energy is higher than the 6 MV plan for target coverage and has a lower dose to the organs at risk. Furthermore, when the number of beams increased to 9, this gave better dose distribution. High doses share better gradient index values to lower the dose to the surrounding healthy tissue. Conclusion: The study shows that the mean dose values for prostate cancer radiotherapy using 6 MV and 10 MV energies are very different depending on the beam configuration and collimator angle. The analysis emphasizes the importance of considering treatment parameters when planning radiation, as they influence dose distribution. The study also highlights variations in the gradient index among different beam configurations and collimator angles.