Specificity of Preserving the National Identity of Ukrainian Refugees by Means of Culture and Art Historical Experience of the 20th Century and Modern Realities

Abstract

The purpose of the work is to analyze the cultural and artistic factors of identification in the context of processes of migration from Ukraine during the 20th and early 21st centuries. The periods of migration as a result of the First and Second World Wars and the modern Russian-Ukrainian war were chosen as the main time periods. Terminological aspects of concepts such as “migration”, “emigration”, “diaspora”, “identity”, “national identity” in the interpretation of foreign and Ukrainian scientists have been updated. Accentuation of the directions and means of manifestation of the specifics of preserving the national identity of Ukrainian refugees through the means of culture and art, the main themes and genres of artists' work was carried out. The methodology is based on empirical research methods that synthesize observation, comparison, description and generalization, as well as methods of historical, dialectical, systemic, comparative approaches. The novelty of study consists in creating a new vision of migration processes, understanding the leading role of culture and art in Ukrainians national identity preservation in conditions of emigration at various historical stages, identifying common and different trends. The wars of the 20th century and the modern Russian-Ukrainian war led to the emigration of millions of Ukrainians from their native land, who, having settled all over the world, preserve their national identity thanks to culture and art. Artists (singers, instrumentalists, conductors, musicologists, artists), artistic collectives (choirs, orchestras, ensembles) and institutions (courses, educational institutions, art associations) were and remain the main guides in the identification of Ukrainian national culture.